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Trends
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p 1-8 Full Text Modification
of Medical Device Surface to attain Anti-Infection Hideharu Shintani 1-18-1,
Kamiyoga, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo,
158-8501 Japan Extensive
use of antibiotics to treat device-associated infections has contributed
to the acceleration of the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria by
spreading through contaminated hospital environments to patients (1,2).
Comprehensive research has had limited success in the reduction of
device-associated infections, and usually the only therapy to treat the
infections is removal of the infected devices from patients. Recent
strategies to minimize the risks of device-associated infections have
focused on the following areas: good clinical practices, prudent selection
of biomaterials used for device construction, and modification of device
surfaces by increasing surface biocompatibility and decreasing bacterial
adherence. The elements of bacterial adhesion on indwelling device
surfaces that may directly relate to infections and will study surface
treatment technologies in reducing the incidence of indwelling medical
device-related infections. In the following text these topics will be
discussed from several aspects. p 9-17 Full Text Biological
Evaluation of Bioceramic Materials - A Review T.
V. Thamaraiselvi and S. Rajeswari University
of Madras Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025 The uses of bioceramics have been revolutionizing
the biomedical field in deployment as implants for humans. Many implant
materials made of ceramics have been used for the past three decades. In
the search to improve the biocompatibility and mechanical strength of
implant materials, attention has been directed towards the potential use
of ceramic/ceramic composites. The ceramic-based biomaterials have been
accepted after biological evaluation through several in vivo and in vitro
tests. In this review an attempt has been made to elicit some of the in
vivo and in vitro studies performed on bioceramics, ceramic/ceramic
composites and their applications as implants. p 18-23 Full Text Chitosan and Alginate Wound Dressings: A Short ReviewWilli Paul and Chandra P.
Sharma No
abstract available. p 24-35 Full Text Strategy for Cell Therapy: Polymers for Live Cell Encapsulation and Delivery Satya Prakash* and Hahn Soe-Lin The potential to solve an endemic shortage of donor organs using isolated cells has been cause for widespread optimism in medicine. To overcome limitations of current cell therapy procedures, various polymers have been successfully used. For example, polymer cell encapsulation promises immunoisolation, which has initiated a flurry of research into bioartificial organs. Prospect of polymer encapsulation increasing long-term in vivo cell survivability has opened new avenues for both targeted and recurrent therapeutic drug delivery systems. The current array of polymer research has yielded promising but conflicting results in the search for a viable therapeutic product. Successful capsule designs must fulfill a number of often-conflicting criteria such as mechanical stability, permeability, and biocompatibility. Further compounding the problem is that these criteria can change depending on the nature of the application, which can range from bioartificial organs to targeted chemotherapeutic drug delivery. The resultant conflicting data complicates the development of new capsule designs, as the most appropriate polymer for a given application is frequently unclear. This review summarizes contemporary polymers currently under investigation for live cell encapsulation and therapy. In particular, this review summarizes recent advancement in polymer use for live cell delivery, discusses the principles of using specific polymer type, outlines features of various polymers currently used and addresses limitations for use of polymers in cell therapy, and provides insight for the future direction of this emergent and highly prospective technology. p 36-40 Full Text Study
on Radiation Sterilization-Resistant Polysulfones Fabricated Free from
Bisphenol A Hideharu
Shintani 1-18-1,
Kamiyoga, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo,
158-8501 Japan An aromatic polysulfone consists of 4,4'-diol aromatic compound and 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone. As 4,4'-diol aromatic compounds, bisphenol A, p-dihydroxy benzene, 4,4'-diphenol methane and p,p'-diphenol (bisphenol) were compared to study which compound would indicate the most resistant to gamma-ray irradiation. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) from 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone was used as an indicator for evaluation. The use of bisphenol in the fabrication of polysulfone indicated the most resistant to the gamma-ray irradiation and least production of SO2 among aromatic diol compounds tested. This indicated polysulfone free from bisphenol A is attainable. The production of SO2 from bisphenol-based polysulfone was around 43% of bisphenol A based polysulfone. The rate of decrease of tensile strength correlated well with the order of radiation resistance. The fracture toughness of bisphenol A based polysulfone decreased with irradiation dose, but the bisphenol based polysulfone maintained its original ductility p 41-45 Full Text Development
and Spectral Characterization of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) /Hydroxyapatite
Composite for Biomedical Applications
A.
Balamurugan, S. Kannan, V. Selvaraj and S. Rajeswari Currently,
composite materials have gained momentum in the field of orthopaedics.
Among the composite materials (ceramic/metals, ceramic/polymers and
ceramic/ceramics) available, ceramic/polymer possess significant
advantages of high mechanical reliability (polymers) and excellent
biocompatibility (ceramics) for applications in load bearing areas.
The present study is an attempt to develop a ceramic/polymer
composite made by grafting PMMA with HAP by using suitable grafting agent.
The synthesized composite was characterized using spectral techniques. p 46-51 Full Text An
In vitro Comparison of Chitra Polyurethane Based Radio-Opaque Light Cured
Composite and a Conventional Composite as Control Suresh
Gorantla*, Ashima Valiathan**, Krishnan V.K.*** *Dept
of Orthodontics, **Director
of Post Graduate Studies, Dept
of Orthodontics, C.O.D.S,
Manipal, 576 119 ***Biomedical
Technology Wing, Sree
Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology Poojappura,
Thiruvananthapuram 695 012 No abstract available. p 52-59 Full Text In
situ Polymerizable Polyester Polyols for Tissue Sealant Applications:
Effect of Choice of Acid and Diol on Sealant Properties Venkata
Nivasu M., Thimma Reddy T. and Shekharam Tammishetti* Organic
Coatings and Polymers Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad
– 500 007, Andhra Pradesh, I N D I A *Corresponding
Author: e-mail: shekharam@iict.res.in p 60-63 Full Text SHORT
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