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Trends
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p 1-6 Full Text A Simple Apparatus and Process to Produce Novel Elastin Biomaterials C.
Campbell, A. Bazar, Ping-Cheng Wu, K. McKenna, M. Henrie, K. Troi, K.
Gregory* Elastin
is the extracellular matrix component responsible for elastic recoil of
tissues such as blood vessels, lung, and skin. In our efforts to produce
biomaterials for tissue repair, an apparatus and method for processing
hot alkali derived porcine carotid elastin was developed. The apparatus
and method was designed to remove water and condense the elastin fibrous
network to improve mechanical strength and handling of NaOH extracted
elastin. To achieve this, a sample holder and process was devised to
cure elastin conduits in humidity, and temperature controlled
environment in a nitrogen gas enriched atmosphere. Our efforts resulted
in a novel biomaterial with significantly improved mechanical properties
compared to non-cure processed, hot alkali isolated elastin. p 7-11 Full Text Bioceramics, Towards Nano-enabled Drug Delivery: A Mini Review Willi Paul, Chandra P. Sharma* Division of Biosurface
Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing No abstract available. p 12-14 Full Text SHORT COMMUNICATION Esterification of Carboxymethyl Cellulose with Acrylic Acid for Targeted Drug Delivery System Kunal Pal#,
A.K.Banthia#@ and D.K.Majumdar* Esterification of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (SCMC) was done with Acryloyl Chloride which contains double bonds. The original CMC and the esterified product were characterized by FTIR and XRD. The esterified product showed pH dependent swelling behavior. p 15-26 Full Text Chronology
of Total Hip Joint Replacement and Materials Development
Sumit
Pramanik1, Avinash Kumar Agarwal2,#,
K. N. Rai1 1Department of Material Science Programme, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur
208016, India The development of hip joint materials is one of the most challenging problems to prostheses technology in this millennium. Several types of materials have been developed for this purpose. The materials like glass, polymer (poly-tetra-fluoro-ethylene / PTFE or Teflon and ultra-high-molecular-weight-polyethylene or UHMWPE), metal (stainless steel, CoCr alloy, and CoCrMo alloy), ceramics (alumina, zirconia, Ti-coated ceramic alloys, and high isostatic pressed alumina or HIPed Al2O3), composite, and apatite materials have been tried with partial success. Currently, Hydroxyapatite (HA) is being used quite frequently all over the world. Hip joint replacement techniques have been discussed under four different classifications i.e. hip arthroplasty, femoral stem, acetabular cup, and finally, total hip arthroplasty (THA). Chronology of technical improvement over first generation alternative joint bearing technologies before 1950s, have been presented by Charnley and other scientists. Before 1960s, there was hardly any technique with predictable results. The modern Charnley’s low-friction UHMWPE-on-metal technique was the actual invention of the total hip replacement (THR) technique. The main objective of this paper is to list all the efforts in the direction of total hip replacement technique and material development chronologically. All historical and recent efforts for developing suitable materials and various designs have been covered in detail. Towards the end of the paper, the current trends and direction in material development techniques and the areas of research have also been emphasized. p 27-32 Full Text In
Vivo Bioactivity of a Mineral Based Orthopaedic Biocement Hakan
Engqvist1*, Martin Couillard2, Gianluigi A. Botton2,
Mike W. Phaneuf3, Niklas AxJn1,
Nils-Otto. Ahnfelt1, L. Hemlansson1 Due
to the shortcomings of the PMMA and calcium phosphate cements in many
orthopedic applications there is a constant development of new cement
formulations. This article describes an injectable chemically bonded
ceramic based on the Mayernite-Marokite-Grossite mineral system. This
article focuses on the chemical interactions between material and bone
tissue. The interface between bone and the bioceramic material was
studied using electron microscopy after 6 weeks of implantation in a
model involving injection of the non-cured paste into drilled cavities
in the tibia condyle of rabbits. After termination the implants were
fixated, cut and embedded in resin. The embedded implants were polished
and subsequently studied by electron microscopy. To give a general
overview of the interface, SEM combined with EDS was used. More in-depth
studies were done using TEM combined with EDS and electron diffraction.
To prepare the TEM samples, focused ion beam (FIB) technique was used,
facilitating a very precise control of the sample site. As reference,
PMMA cement was also studied. The studies reveal the biocement to be
bioactive, i.e. to form chemical and biological bonding between the
biocement and bone tissue. No sharp interface could be found even at
very high magnification in TEM indicating cellular interaction. p 33-38 Full Text Thermodynamic
Study of Bone Biocomposites DV
Rai* and R. Singh p 39-45 Full Text Development
and Coating of Porous Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Plates Kunal
Pal, S.Bag, S.Pal* Porous
implants having interconnecting channels allow ingrowth of host
connective tissue. Complete implant vascularization reduces the risk of
infection, extrusion, and other complications associated with
nonintegrated implants. We developed 60% and 70% porous Ultra High
Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) plates and blocks using Sodium
Chloride as channeling agent, which when dissolved in boiling water
leaves behind the interconnecting channels. The average diameter of the
pores of 60% and 70% porous plates was found to be approx. 170mm
and 210mm
respectively. Various mechanical characterizations of the plates were
also done. Average Modulus Of Elasticity of 60% and 70% porous plates
were found to be 153.802 MPa and 114.579 MPa respectively. The
corresponding Ultimate Strengths were 6.21 MPa and 3.9 MPa respectively.
This material was also found to be hemocompatible with the human blood.
Subsequently these porous plates were dip coated with a solution mixture
of Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (SCMC)/ Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)/
Hydroxyapatite (HA) which showed hemocompatibility. p 46-51 Full Text Development of High Strength Hydroxyapatite for Hard Tissue Replacement Sumit
Pramanikx, Avinash Kumar Agarwaly*, K.N. Raix Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a suitable bioceramic material for hard tissue replacement. In this present work HAp has synthesized by solid state reactions in temperature near 1250oC and it exhibits hexagonal crystal structure. HAp samples exhibited improvement in mechanical properties with increasing cold compaction pressure as well as recrushing operation. It also showed high resistance to surface reaction with the simulated body fluid. Surface morphology, pore volume, and particle size of the material have studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller technique, and Particle Size Analysis. Chemical bonding present in the newly produced hydroxyapatite material was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry. |
