Trends
in Full
text can be accessed by clicking on the pdf The journal has now initiated online manuscript submission and peer-review management system in technical collaboration with www.criticalmath.com . Authors can now submit their manuscripts at http://tbao.criticalmath.com . p
115-121 Electropolishing
of 316LVM Stainless Steel Cardiovascular Stents: An Investigation of
Material Removal, Surface Roughness and Corrosion Behavior Prakash
Sojitra*, Chhaya Engineer, Devesh Kothwala, Ankur Raval, Haresh Kotadia,
Girish Mehta# Research
& Development Division, Sahajanand Medical Technologies, Received
8 Januray 2009, Accepted 13 June 2009, Published online 27 December 2009 Smooth surface of a cardiovascular stent is an important factor in determining biocompatibility. Electropolishing is an effective method for improving surface smoothness of the stents. In this study, electropolishing has been employed on laser cut SS316L cardiovascular stents to increase surface smoothness. Acid pickling has been used as a pre-treatment for electropolishing followed by passivation to enhance its corrosion resistance in biological environment. Stent has been characterized by strut dimension analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy for its surface smoothness, gravimetric analysis and potentiodynamic corrosion analysis. It was found that surface roughness after electropolishing has been reduced to significant level and also long-term corrosion behavior of stent material in simulated biological fluid (PBS) is very stable. © Society for Biomaterials and Artificial Organs (India), 20090108-34. p
122-128 Study
of Povidone Iodine Loaded Hydrogels as Wound Dressing Material Abhilasha
Mishra*, Nisha Chaudhary Department
of Biotechnology, Received
24 March 2009, Accepted 13 June 2009, Published online 27 December 2009 Hydrogel
wound dressing can protect injured skin and keep the wound surface
appropriately moist to speed up the healing process by absorbing exudates.
Hydrogels of caboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/ poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/gelatin
and crosslinked polyacrylamide (PAM) were prepared. The prepared hydrogels
was loaded with Povidone-iodine for using as wound dressing. Release and
swelling characteristics were also studied for loaded hydrogels and found
to be dependent on chemical architecture. Blood compatibility was also
studied by clot formation and haemolysis assay. Dispersion characteristics
of gels were also observed in Phosphate buffer saline (PBS). The prepared
hydrogels used as wound dressing on mice as an animal model. The prepared
wound dressing was found to be biocompatible and not cause any
inflammation on mice skin.
© Society for Biomaterials and Artificial Organs ( p
129-136 Biocompatible
Denture Polymers – A Review Rahul
Bhola*, Shaily M. Bhola, Hongjun Liang, Brajendra Mishra Department
of Metallurgical &Materials Engineering, Received
10 April 2009, Accepted 13 June 2009, Published online 27 December 2009 The use of polymers has revolutionized the biomedical industry ever since their discovery. Many prostheses and implants made from polymers have been in use for the last three decades and there is a continuous search for more biocompatible and stronger polymer prosthetic materials. In this review, an attempt has been made to combine the material properties of the polymers used in denture dentistry, with emphasis on the most widely used poly methyl methacrylate resin (PMMA).This paper may be useful for material selection of polymers used for denture applications and may provide insight into the upcoming novel materials in denture dentistry. © Society for Biomaterials and Artificial Organs (India), 20090410-40. p
137-144 Adult
Stem Cells on Methacrylic Acid
Grafted Cocoon Silky Fibrous Scaffolds Susan
Mani, Manitha B Nair, Nisha S, K. Sreenivasan, Mariamma Jacob#
and Annie John* Biomedical
Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and
Technology, #Department
of Zoology, Received
17 April 2009, Accepted 13 June 2009, Published online 27 December 2009 Nature
often provides the stimulus for new insights into material science though
vivid varieties of synthetic degradable biomaterials are in use. Natural
silk fibers as biomaterials have fascinated researchers due to their
unusual appearance, biocompatibility and remarkable mechanical properties
including high strength and toughness. In the present study, we have
characterized the silk fibers obtained from Bombyx mori cocoons and
ascertained their non-cytotoxic nature in contact with L929 fibroblast
cells. Simultaneously cytocompatibility of the silk fibers were also
assessed using rat, goat and human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem
cells using Light, Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy. The
results have depicted that this natural fibrous silky scaffold is capable
of supporting and maintaining mesenchymal stem cells in
vitro. In order to achieve desirable scaffolding architecture with
improved hydrophilicity and mechanical properties favoring cell
attachment, nutrient exchange and neo-tissue organization, we have
attempted to modify the natural cocoon silk fibers by grafting poly
methacrylic acid. FT-IR studies on grafted silk has identified an
additional peak at 1741 cm-1 characteristic of C=O stretching.
This modified surface has enhanced the affinity of cells which is presumed
to be due to the altered surface architecture. Admiring the remarkable
qualities of natural silk, this silky scaffold with cells can be
engineered to build up “living tissue constructs” especially for the
augmentation and repair of worn out ligaments and tendons of the human
skeletal body. © Society for Biomaterials and Artificial Organs ( p
145-149 Covalently
Conjugation of Genistein with Biodegradable Poly L-Lactide Prakash
Sojitra*, Ankur Raval, Devesh Kothwala, Haresh Kotadia, and
Subodhchandra Adeshara Research
& Development Division, Sahajanand Medical Technologies, Received
20 February 2009, Accepted 5 September 2009, Published online 27 December
2009 A novel drug (Genistein) conjugated biodegradable polymer (PLLA) was synthesized by the direct coupling of Genistein with Poly L-Lactide (GEN-PLLA) and was characterized by FTIR, HPLC and GPC study. These results indicate that the unique property of bound Genistein has an inhibiting influence on the coagulation, plasma protein adsorption, and subsequent platelet adhesion systems. This novel GEN-PLLA conjugate could be applied as blood/tissue compatible biodegradable materials for implantable medical devices and tissue engineering, especially to medical devices like coronary stents. © Society for Biomaterials and Artificial Organs (India), 20090220-38. p
150-158 Modification
of Poly-tetrafluoroethylene Surface Properties for Biocatalytic Membrane
Applications M.S.
Mohy Eldin1, E. A. Soliman1 , A. A. El-Zatahry1
and D. G. Mita2 1Department
of Polymeric Materials Research Advanced Technology and New Materials
Research Institute, MUCSAT, New Received
5 May 2009, Accepted 5 September 2009, Published online 27 December 2009 β-D-Galactosidase (E 3.2.1.23) from Aspergillus oryzae was immobilized onto Teflon membranes grafted using γ- irradiation technique. Various grafted copolymers with varying hydrophilic moieties were prepared using simultaneous co-polymerization to study effect of the resultant microenvironment systems wherefrom type and content of these hydrophilic moieties on the activity of catalytic membranes under both of isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. Diethylene glycol dimethacrylate (DEGDMA), as a hydrophobic monomer was co-polymerized with each of the three hydrophilic monomers; methacrylic acid (MAA), acrylamide (AAM) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). It was found that both of grafting percentage and activity of the catalytic membranes were greatly affected by the type and content of the hydrophilic components in the graft co-polymers. Since, the incorporation of the hydrophilic components in the graft co-polymers exhibited a positive effect on the activity of the catalytic hydrophobic membranes under either of isothermal or non-isothermal conditions. The increase extent in the catalytic activity of Teflon membranes grafted with hydrophobic- hydrophilic co-polymers was ranged from 18 - 27% comparing with the catalytic activity of Teflon membrane grafted with poly-DEGDMA under isothermal conditions. Whereas, these increase extent was ranged from 127 - 188% under non-isothermal conditions. © Society for Biomaterials and Artificial Organs (India), 20090503-42. p
159-164 An
Experimental Simulation Using 3-D Axisymmetric Model of an Artificial Hip
Joint SK
Senapati1 & 1Indira
Gandhi Institute of Technology, Sarang, Dhenkanal,Orissa-759146 Received
15 May 2009, Accepted 5 September 2009, Published online 27 December 2009 The
quality and accuracy of results obtained from Finite Element Analysis of
othopaedic biomechanics problems depend on the quality of representation
of finite element model as compared to actual conditions. The accurate
estimation of various biological parameters required for modeling and
analysis is very difficult because of all biological activities are
complex in nature. Sometimes, for simplification of the analysis, the
complex nature of it is partially ignored and these contribute some errors
in the results. In the present analysis, a simplified axisymmetric model
resembling an artificial cemented hip joint was considered. A central
solid cylindrical stem was to be rigidly fixed with an external hollow
wooden cylinder by means of acrylic bone cement (PMMA). Strain gauges were
put on the surface of the stem at desired location to measure strain under
different loading condition. The material properties, loading and
constraint conditions were most closely simulated in the FE model. The
result of strains calculated from finite element analysis and measured
from experiments for different loading cases were found to
have excellent match with little or no deviation except a few
mismatches. © Society for Biomaterials and Artificial Organs ( |
link. 